دانشکده جغرافیا- دانشگاه تهران نشریه گردشگری شهری 2423-6926 12 4 2025 12 21 Explanation and analysis on the determination of health assessment indicators with the approach of Construction an index system in Ramsar tourism ecosystem تبیین و تحلیل شاخص‌های ارزیابی سلامت با رویکرد ساخت سیستم شاخص در اکوسیستم گردشگری رامسر 57 79 101133 10.22059/jut.2025.382240.1233 FA مهناز جدیدی گروه برنامه‌ریزی، مدیریت و آموزش محیط‌زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران 0009-0006-3236-2315 محمد جواد امیری گروه برنامه‌ریزی، مدیریت و آموزش محیط‌زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران 0000-0003-1748-9036 شهرزاد فریادی گروه برنامه‌ریزی، مدیریت و آموزش محیط‌زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران Journal Article 2025 07 04 A B S T R A C T Human disturbances, including the destruction of habitats and the spread of various types of pollution, have caused damage to ecosystems and affected their health. Tourism ecosystem, as one of the biggest economic drivers of the world and multiple systems, has been destroyed in different parts. The current research was conducted with the aim of determining the indicators used in the methods of evaluating the tourism ecosystem health and analyzing them. The construction approach of an index system determined by the VORSH model including capacity, organizational structure, resilience, ecosystem services and the level of health and education of the residents has been used. Then, by weighting the indicators using fuzzy ANP, it proposed a new research mentality for the sustainable development of tourism. The results show that the indicators of the number of incoming tourists and the presence of natural, cultural and historical attractions in the power dimension, the rate of land use change from ecological to non-ecological, population density and visitor density and the distance to the tourist area in the structure dimension, The four environmental protection zones have the greatest impact on the health of the tourism ecosystem in the dimension of resilience and preservation of biological and aesthetic diversity in the dimension of ecosystem services. According to the most effective indicators of this research, the carrying capacity of each tourist place should be considered in order to maintain the quality and quantity of attractions and to reduce the pressure on the ecosystem by distributing the burden of tourism. <strong>Extended Abstract</strong> <strong>Introduction</strong> Human disturbances, including the destruction of habitats and the spread of various types of pollution, have caused damage to ecosystems and affected their health. Tourism ecosystem, as one of the biggest economic drivers of the world, is a special hybrid ecosystem that includes nature, economy and society, and as a multiple system, it has been destroyed in different parts. Although many models have been developed to evaluate the health of the ecosystem, the weaknesses of the models used to evaluate the health of tourism ecosystems, such as not paying attention to important Indexes, using Indexes that overlap in terms of content, and The inappropriate classification of sub-dimensions in previous studies shows the necessity of developing models. The current research aims to determine the indicators used in the methods of assessment the health of the tourism ecosystem, taking into account a tourism ecosystem with a diverse landscape, analyzing the methods of assessment the health of the ecosystem. Ecosystem health assessment often uses information related to Indexes. The identity of the Indexes depends on the component that is being investigated and differs between ecosystems. <strong> </strong> <strong>Methodology</strong> Based on previous studies, by using the VORSH model, the threatened tourism ecosystem of Ramsar region with diverse landscapes including mountain, sea, forest, pasture, river, lake, agriculture, and urban was considered and evaluated. Then, the construction approach of an index system determined by the VORSH model including capacity, organizational structure, resilience, ecosystem services and the level of health and education of the residents has been used. Then, by weighting the indicators using fuzzy ANP, it proposed a new research mentality for the sustainable development of tourism. <strong> </strong> <strong>Results and discussion</strong> A wide range of ecosystem health Indexes are available in previous researches, but depending on the questions investigated in the research, the existing Indexes can be combined and complement each other in order to carry out holistic ecosystem health assessments and Used comprehensively. After studying various dimensions of tourism, the need to add some indicators was felt more and more, which was included in this research. Another important point in selecting Indexes is the availability of data for quantifying the relevant Indexes in appropriate spatial and temporal scales. More data can be extracted by modeling or suitable surrogates can be found for them. The importance of choosing and combining Indexes is because social, economic and land use data can provide valuable information regarding the effects of human actions on the state of ecosystems. Similar indicators in various researches can have different weights, which occurs due to the conditions governing the combined tourism systems. The quality of selected and produced indicators is more important than their quantity and finally all indicators are multiplied together. This means that an index may be moved among the existing dimensions based on the researchers' point of view; Therefore, the nature of the model used and its considered dimensions are very important. The results show that the indicators of the number of incoming tourists and the presence of natural, cultural and historical attractions in the power dimension, the rate of land use change from ecological to non-ecological, population density and visitor density and the distance to the tourist area in the structure dimension, The four environmental protection zones have the greatest impact on the health of the tourism ecosystem in the dimension of resilience and preservation of biological and aesthetic diversity in the dimension of ecosystem services. <strong> </strong> <strong>Conclusion</strong> This research is a new attempt to conduct a comprehensive health assessment and analysis of the tourism ecosystem using the VORSH model. According to the most effective indicators of this research, the carrying capacity of each tourist place should be considered in order to maintain the quality and quantity of attractions and to reduce the pressure on the ecosystem by distributing the burden of tourism. The uneven distribution of tourists among different regions shows the shortcomings of the tourism industry in developing countries, which has to strengthen the infrastructure of tourism and culture through education and extensive advertising. Effective factors in the tourism development of a region include natural, economic and social power, as well as the existence of facilities and infrastructure. After identifying the most effective indicators on the health of the tourism ecosystem of the studied area, measures can be taken to improve the health of that ecosystem. Consciously creating an attraction such as a handicraft market based on the values in the past customs of the region and the needs of tourists is one of the ways that can cause the distribution of tourists; Because it leads to the formation of positive feelings in people and has had a positive impact on the development of sustainable tourism since the past.   <strong>Funding</strong> There is no funding support. <strong> </strong> <strong>Authors’ Contribution</strong> Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. <strong> </strong> <strong>Conflict of Interest</strong> Authors declared no conflict of interest. <strong> </strong> <strong>Acknowledgments</strong> We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. اختلال‌های انسانی از جمله تخریب زیستگاه‌ها و گسترش انواع آلودگی باعث آسیب به اکوسیستم‌ها شده و سلامت آن‌ها را تحت تأثیر قرار داده است. اکوسیستم گردشگری به‌عنوان یکی از بزرگ‌ترین پیشران‌های اقتصادی جهان، نوعی اکوسیستم ترکیبی ویژه است که دربردارنده طبیعت، اقتصاد و جامعه می‌باشد و به‌عنوان یک سیستم چندگانه، در بخش‌های مختلف تخریب‌شده است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین شاخص‌های مورداستفاده در روش‌های ارزیابی سلامت اکوسیستم گردشگری، با در نظر گرفتن یک اکوسیستم گردشگری با سیمای سرزمین متنوع، روش‌های ارزیابی سلامت اکوسیستم را تحلیل و با استفاده از رویکرد ساخت سیستم شاخص، شاخص‌ها را به‌وسیله مدل VORSH شامل توان، ساختار سازمانی، تاب‌آوری، خدمات اکوسیستمی و سطح سلامت و تحصیلات ساکنان تعیین می‌نماید. سپس از طریق وزن دهی به شاخص‌ها با استفاده از ANP فازی ذهنیت پژوهشی جدیدی را برای توسعه پایدار گردشگری پیشنهاد می‌دهد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که شاخص‌های تعداد گردشگران ورودی و وجود جاذبه‌های طبیعی، فرهنگی و تاریخی در بعد توان، نرخ تغییر کاربری زمین از اکولوژیک به غیر اکولوژیک، تراکم جمعیت و تراکم بازدیدکنندگان و میزان فاصله تا منطقه گردشگری در بعد ساختار، مناطق چهارگانه در بعد تاب‌آوری و حفظ تنوع زیستی و زیبایی‌شناختی در بعد خدمات اکوسیستمی بیشترین تأثیر را بر میزان سلامت اکوسیستم گردشگری دارند. با توجه به اثرگذارترین شاخص‌های این پژوهش، می‌بایست ظرفیت برد در هر مکان گردشگری در نظر گرفته شود تا موجب حفظ کیفیت و کمیت جاذبه‌ها شده و با توزیع بار گردشگری، از فشار بر اکوسیستم کاسته شود. https://jut.ut.ac.ir/article_101133_5e84ebf9ea5643d5b6ce57383a3281ee.pdf