Analysis of the role of tourist attractions in creating 15-minute cities The subject of study: the scope of the historical context of Urmia

A B S T R A C T
The 15-minute approach, called the 15- or 20-minute city, seems to be a popular model for neighbourhood spatial organization, as well as the big city. The implementation of 15-minute city policies is one of the new and effective ways to reduce congestion and pollution; Since these works are always attracting tourist trips, the implementation of the 15-minute city policies can have a direct relationship with the tourism boom; In other words, the results of implementing the 15-minute city policies along with other regeneration plans will help the city to become a tourist destination; Because the environment free from congestion and pollution provides the basis for preserving the natural and historical heritage as well as displaying them as much as possible. The category of spending leisure time is directly related to tourism, a city with a healthy and calm community, with identity and creativity, is where many people tend to spend their free time, and 15-minute cities can create such a possibility at a high level. have This paper tries to evaluate if and how tourist attractions affect the creation of cities or 15-minute neighbourhoods. According to the purpose of the research, firstly, indicators and components influencing this issue were collected in different economic, social and physical dimensions, and 14 criteria related to the city or 15-minute neighbourhood related to these dimensions were identified from the theoretical basis of the research. To analyze the data, using confirmatory factor analysis, the types of effective factors have been identified and leveled, and economic dimensions, then social, and physical attractions have had the greatest impact on the creation of 15-minute cities.
Extended Abstract
Introduction
Citizens of today's cities, while they have a great need for time and speed management, face problems in meeting these needs due to the accumulation of population and, therefore, traffic. The concentration of commercial and service centres in cities and their lack of an efficient transportation system (not necessarily up-to-date vehicles) can be one of the main reasons for wasting time and reducing the speed of access; In addition, the emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic showed how concentration, accumulation and accumulation could cause the epidemic to intensify and increase the possibility of infection; In such a situation, the need for ease of access and more efficient placement of uses and functions becomes more apparent, and this is the goal that the theory of 15 [20] minute cities or localities is looking for. When we look at the centres of accumulation and gathering of towns in the following cases, it turns out that in many of them, this is the central and historical core of the city, which despite all the potential attractions and also the high and inevitably fragile semantic load, It bears the burden of hosting the mass of citizens; Areas of the cities that have a memory of the self-sufficiency of neighbourhoods and pedestrians; From the eclecticism of the above, we can find a way through which, in addition to decentralization and implementing the guidelines of the 15-minute city, it is possible to touch the attractions of the historical core of the cities in the field of tourism and take advantage of their potential talent in the plain—availability of services, provision of
 
Construction
Research method: The current type of research is applied, and its investigation method is descriptive-analytical based on library and survey information collection. First, the necessary information was collected by using various sources in the research topic field. Then, questionnaires and interviews were used to collect information about the statistical population. The tools for managing data are
 
questionnaires, survey methods, library and documentary studies, and field observations. The statistical population of the historical context of Urmia city was selected using a simple random sampling method from the entire population and the Cochran model.
 According to the purpose of the research, firstly, the indicators and components affecting this issue were collected in different economic, social and physical dimensions, and 14 criteria related to the city or 15-minute neighbourhood related to these dimensions were identified from the theoretical bases of the research. The types of influential factors were determined and ranked to analyze the data using confirmatory factor analysis.
 
Discussion and findings
During the research, the service, historical and attractive travel points of the historical core of Urmia city were determined and then, using the confirmatory factor analysis method, their influence on the creation of a 15-minute city was measured in the economic, physical and social dimensions. The findings after the examination are as follows: In the economic size, there are nine items - local economy, the capabilities of the historical context (city branding), the number of jobs, the number of informal employment, the level of access to commercial service centres, transportation, business prosperity, facilities accommodation, medical facilities - were investigated as influential variables in the category of tourism and 15-minute city; Based on this, the results show that the prosperity of trade within the historical context of Urmia city has the most significant impact on the capital of tourism by being placed in the first place, the influence of informal businesses and at the same time the second non-violent issue, the issues of transportation And the local economy ranks 3rd and 4th, the level of access to service-commercial centres, accommodation and medical facilities, and the ability to brand the city are in the following ranks. In the physical aspect of the legibility of the environment in the historical context of the town of Urmia and the 22 Bahman School, the most influential physical factor in the development of tourism in the context is State Square and its surrounding buildings, Imam Street, Sardar Mosque, Lotf Ali Khan Mosque, urban furniture, Minaret Mosque and Hedayat School. Green space, Khayyam street, the market complex and public spaces are all objects that can play an influential role in the tourism boom in the historical context of Urmia. In the social dimension of memory-making with the highest score in the first rank, the presence of the art department in the second historical context, the high degree of freedom in the third historical context, the fact of itinerant musicians in the fourth, and the presence of cinema in the fifth context, the level of sense of security in the sixth context, The importance of cooperation in the seventh context is the level of identity, the level of face-to-face communication is the ninth, the sense of belonging is the tenth. The prevalence of street food is the eleventh.
 
Conclusion
the historical context of Urmia city, due to its tourism potential and its historical record in meeting the needs of citizens in a short period, can be an influential part of Urmia city as a tourist area and at the same time, 15 minutes to bloom; To some extent, the historical context of Urmia can be introduced as a region in itself and related to the surroundings, because the variety of uses - exceptionally compatible uses - has caused the daily, weekly and even longer-term needs of the residents to be quickly and cost-effectively met. to be resolved in a bit of while; Also, in addition to having an organic network of pedestrian walkways, this area also has a relatively efficient public transportation network, therefore, from this point of view, the mentioned context also has a high potential in terms of reducing the time of passing and travelling and at the same time increasing it. It is touristic; The significant historical physical elements in the area all have a relative potential in the matter of tourism, and by increasing their potential in the case of the 15-minute neighbourhood, the inherent role of the mentioned elements in the said matter can be taken advantage of. From the point of view of social dimensions, it can be said that the high level of memory creation in the current authentic context, if the 15-minute city policies are implemented in it, can increase its originality by driving out the crowd and chaos and for the residents and along It is an inspiration for tourists.
 
Funding
There is no funding support.
 
Authors’ Contribution
All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.
 
Conflict of Interest
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
 
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.