Recreating the urban historical context with a tourism development approach Case study: District 7 of Mashhad Municipality

A B S T R A C T
The historical contexts of the cities, which in most cases form the primary and main core of every city, show the past civilization and culture of the cities and play an essential role in attracting tourists in these areas. They are very important. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of the reconstruction of historical buildings and textures of Haft Mashhad region on the development of tourism in this region. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the main tool of data collection is a questionnaire. The statistical population in the present study is the residents of seven districts of Mashhad city, which was determined as a statistical sample of 384 people using Cochran's formula. The findings of the research show that the factors of organizing and transforming defenseless spaces (with a rank of 28.54), satisfaction with the absence of environmental pollution (with a rank of 26.80), the presence of new constructions in accordance with native and traditional architectural patterns (with a rank of 78/78) 26), creation of local food exhibitions (ranked 26/58), with the highest rank and index of improving the quality of product supply and shopping facilities and variety of choices (ranked 17/81), having the lowest rank, influencing the development of tourism in Haft May region - Be In the end, the results of the research about the Haft area of Mashhad city showed that the restoration and re-creation of its texture and historical buildings are one of the most necessary infrastructures for the development of tourism, and in order to achieve the development of tourism in the historical context of the Haft area of Mashhad, long-term plans are needed with the priority of providing infrastructure and It is a change of short-term views of urban management
Extended Abstract
Introduction
One of the methods of implementing sustainable development and regenerating worn-out structures is tourism planning. In these contexts, tourism seeks significant changes both in the structure and physical organization and in the socio-cultural capabilities of societies in accordance with the prevailing culture. The regeneration approach emphasizes historical continuity and the best use of cultural and historical heritage and provides the possibility of modernizing historical contexts in order to develop the tourism industry. In fact, urban regeneration with the tourism development approach can be considered an opportunity to compensate for past mistakes in ignoring the principles of urban planning, environment, and sustainable development. While providing tissue protection costs, it created the grounds for economic mobility for the city and its citizens. Also, it can be considered a driver of development in urban regeneration projects.
One of the urban areas facing the deterioration of the center is District 7 of Mashhad Municipality. Due to the special location of the region and the existence of two parks, Torogh and Baba Ghodrat, it has been considered as a pilgrims' accommodation camp, and the municipality of the region has the honor of receiving the pilgrims of the Eighth Imam (AS) for seven years. On the other hand, due to its proximity to the royal court of Samen Al-Hajj (AS) and Shahid Hasheminejad International Airport, as well as having the busiest road entrances in Mashhad, i.e., Baghche, is one of the most important pilgrimage areas of Mashhad. Paying attention to the development and expansion of tourism in the historical contexts of the Haftshahr region of Mashhad can provide opportunities for urban development and ways out of economic problems and unemployment, attract capital, increase the pilgrimage, and provide better services to pilgrims and travelers. To provide for this part of the city of Mashhad and globally create a better place for our country's tourism, at least in terms of pilgrimage tourism. Accordingly, the main issue of this
 
study was to investigate the effect of the approach of recreating the historical contexts of District 7 of Mashhad Municipality on tourism development. In this regard, it tries to answer the following question:
- What is the effect of the worn-out texture regeneration approach on the tourism development of District 7 of Mashhad Municipality?
 
Methodology
The present study is applied and descriptive-analytical research in terms of purpose and methodology, respectively. The statistical population in the present study is all residents of Haft city of Mashhad. According to the latest official statistics of the country in the 2016 census, the total population of this region was 228,272 people, of which about 150,595 people are over 20 years old, which is considered a statistical population and using the Cochran's formula, 384 people were obtained as a statistical sample The factors affecting the development of urban tourism were assessed based on SPSS software. The presented analyzes have been used using statistical techniques of KMO test and Bartlett sphericity, Spearman correlation coefficient, exploratory factor analysis, and correlation analysis between variables.
 
Results and discussion
The results of the KMO test are equal to 0.787, which shows that sampling is sufficient and the data have a good ability to factorize. According to the KMO test table, the two variables of functional flexibility of urban spaces and organization of spaces for pedestrians and cyclists have the least in common. The result of factor extraction was a reduction of 44 indicators to 11 factors, covering 79% of the variance and indicating the satisfaction of factor analysis and the studied variables. Based on the results of exploratory factor analysis, 11 factors had specific values ​​higher than one and explained 79% of the total variance of the questionnaire. From the final analysis, it is clear that the factors of organizing and transforming defenseless spaces (with a rank of 28.54), increasing satisfaction with the low pollution of the region (with a rank of 26.80), new constructions in accordance with local and traditional architectural patterns (with a rank of 26.78), creating exhibitions Local food (with a rank of 26.58), promoting participation and social solidarity (with a rank of 25.94), organizing and promoting access to recreational services and leisure for residents (with a rank of 24.91), increasing satisfaction with diversity and variety of activities (with a rank of 24.31) have the highest rank), respectively. The indicators of organizing and creating some green spaces in accordance with local conditions (with a rank of 17.95), improving the quality of product supply and shopping facilities and variety of choices (with a rank of 17.81) have the lowest rank and tourism development with all variables of support and protection of historical and cultural contexts and tourism development have a significant relationship.
 
Conclusion
They show that common processes for tourism development are inefficient and that coherent and pragmatic programs must be designed and implemented to mobilize indigenous culture and art, engaging local people, in order to mobilize regeneration programs. At the same time, preserving the memory and identity of the original values ​​of the fabric must always be considered. The results show that the regeneration of historical contexts with the tourism development approach in Mashhad, although due to unique opportunities, historical contexts, both in terms of physical and architectural attractions and mirrors, may have old traditions, severe shortages of tourism infrastructure, and limited and transient views of urban management, which can be the biggest obstacles to activating their capacities. Therefore, the tourism development plan in the historical context of Iranian cities is a long-term plan with the priority of providing infrastructure and changing short-term perspectives of urban management.
 
Funding
There is no funding support.
 
Authors’ Contribution
All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.
 
Conflict of Interest
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
 
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.