تبیین و تحلیل شاخص‌های ارزیابی سلامت با رویکرد ساخت سیستم شاخص در اکوسیستم گردشگری رامسر

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی مستقل

نویسندگان

گروه برنامه‌ریزی، مدیریت و آموزش محیط‌زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

10.22059/jut.2025.382240.1233

چکیده

اختلال‌های انسانی از جمله تخریب زیستگاه‌ها و گسترش انواع آلودگی باعث آسیب به اکوسیستم‌ها شده و سلامت آن‌ها را تحت تأثیر قرار داده است. اکوسیستم گردشگری به‌عنوان یکی از بزرگ‌ترین پیشران‌های اقتصادی جهان، نوعی اکوسیستم ترکیبی ویژه است که دربردارنده طبیعت، اقتصاد و جامعه می‌باشد و به‌عنوان یک سیستم چندگانه، در بخش‌های مختلف تخریب‌شده است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین شاخص‌های مورداستفاده در روش‌های ارزیابی سلامت اکوسیستم گردشگری، با در نظر گرفتن یک اکوسیستم گردشگری با سیمای سرزمین متنوع، روش‌های ارزیابی سلامت اکوسیستم را تحلیل و با استفاده از رویکرد ساخت سیستم شاخص، شاخص‌ها را به‌وسیله مدل VORSH شامل توان، ساختار سازمانی، تاب‌آوری، خدمات اکوسیستمی و سطح سلامت و تحصیلات ساکنان تعیین می‌نماید. سپس از طریق وزن دهی به شاخص‌ها با استفاده از ANP فازی ذهنیت پژوهشی جدیدی را برای توسعه پایدار گردشگری پیشنهاد می‌دهد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که شاخص‌های تعداد گردشگران ورودی و وجود جاذبه‌های طبیعی، فرهنگی و تاریخی در بعد توان، نرخ تغییر کاربری زمین از اکولوژیک به غیر اکولوژیک، تراکم جمعیت و تراکم بازدیدکنندگان و میزان فاصله تا منطقه گردشگری در بعد ساختار، مناطق چهارگانه در بعد تاب‌آوری و حفظ تنوع زیستی و زیبایی‌شناختی در بعد خدمات اکوسیستمی بیشترین تأثیر را بر میزان سلامت اکوسیستم گردشگری دارند. با توجه به اثرگذارترین شاخص‌های این پژوهش، می‌بایست ظرفیت برد در هر مکان گردشگری در نظر گرفته شود تا موجب حفظ کیفیت و کمیت جاذبه‌ها شده و با توزیع بار گردشگری، از فشار بر اکوسیستم کاسته شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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نشریه گردشگری شهری
دوره 12، شماره 4
دی 1404
صفحه 57-79

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