مرور نظام‌مند ابعاد مطالعات مشارکت عمومی ـ خصوصی در گردشگری

نوع مقاله : مقاله مستخرج از رساله دکتری

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار اقتصاد، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران

3 استادیار مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار باستان‌شناسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران

5 دانشجوی دکتری گردشگری، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی

چکیده

پدیده مشارکت عمومی- خصوصی در صنایع مختلف به دلیل عدم توانایی بخش دولتی در تأمین نیازهای عمومی و دسترسی محدود آن به منابع مختلف، موضوعی قابل‌بحث در صنایع متفاوت به شمار می‌رود. اما در برخی از صنایع خدماتی ازجمله گردشگری، این موضوع به‌مراتب از جایگاه ویژه‌تری برخوردار می‌باشد. چرا که لازمه موفقیت صنعت گردشگری- با ماهیت ازهم‌گسسته و تعدد ذینفعان از هر دو بخش دولتی و خصوصی- شکل‌گیری مشارکت‌هایی ازاین‌دست می‌باشد. بدین‌جهت، مطالعات متعددی در زمینه مشارکت عمومی- خصوصی انجام‌شده است. بااین‌وجود، هنوز خلأ پژوهشی که با شیوه‌ای نظام‌مند مطالعات پیشین را مرور کرده و به احصاء ابعاد مختلف این مطالعات به‌خصوص در زمینه عوامل مؤثر بر مشارکت عمومی- خصوصی بپردازد، احساس می‌شود. ازاین‌جهت، مطالعه حاضر، این مهم را در کانون هدف اصلی پژوهش، قرار داد. پس‌ازآنتخاب مقالات بر اساس سازوکاری دقیق و از پیش تعیین‌شده، 40 مقاله منتخب بر اساس شاخص‌های موقعیت پژوهش، حیطه مشارکت، نوع تحقیق بر اساس هدف، شیوه گردآوری داده، ابزار گردآوری، زمان، جامعه تحقیق و روش نمونه‌گیری و عوامل مؤثر بر مشارکت عمومی- خصوصی در گردشگری، مورد غربال‌گری قرار گرفتند. خروجی پژوهش، ما را در شناخت الگوی پژوهشی رایج در مطالعات مشارکت عمومی- خصوصی در گردشگری یاری می‌رساند. الگویی که از یک‌سو می‌تواند مبنایی برای انجام این‌گونه مطالعات در داخل کشور قرار گیرد و از سوی دیگر، با تغییر در الگوی مزبور، به خلاقیت‌های پژوهشی در این زمینه منجر گردد. در زمینه عملیاتی نیز، توجه به ابعاد شناسایی‌شده مرتبط با مشارکت عمومی- خصوصی در گردشگری- از سوی هر دو گروه فعالین بخش عمومی و بخش خصوصی- می‌تواند موفقیت هرچه بیشتر این‌گونه مشارکت‌ها در صنعت گردشگری کشور را تضمین نماید.

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